Intelligent Sensor and System Integration Optimization of Auto Drive System

Abstract

With the rapid advancement of autonomous driving technology, the deployment of advanced sensor systems has become a cornerstone for achieving high-precision environmental perception, supporting real-time decision-making, and executing vehicle control operations. These sensors-including LiDAR, radar, cameras, ultrasonic modules, and inertial measurement units-provide critical data streams that enable vehicles to perceive dynamic and complex driving environments accurately. However, despite these technological advancements, significant challenges remain in sensor system integration and data fusion. Common issues include asynchronous operation among sensor modules, suboptimal physical layout affecting system performance, excessive communication and computational loads, and difficulties in synchronizing multimodal data streams, all of which limit the overall efficiency, responsiveness, and reliability of the autonomous driving system. This paper systematically analyzes the application of advanced sensor technologies within autonomous driving systems, examining the functional characteristics, strengths, and limitations of various sensor modules for environmental perception, positioning, and decision-making assistance. Special attention is given to the core difficulties encountered in multi-sensor integration, including data synchronization, signal redundancy, energy consumption, and system scalability. To address these challenges, the study proposes key solutions such as optimized integration mechanisms, efficient sensor layout design, energy-aware communication strategies, and advanced data fusion algorithms. These measures aim to enhance system stability, increase processing speed, improve compatibility with diverse environmental information, and enable real-time, reliable vehicle operation under complex driving scenarios. Through these integrated strategies, the paper demonstrates how the combination of optimized sensor deployment, efficient data fusion, and systematic integration design can significantly elevate the performance level of autonomous driving systems. The findings provide a technical foundation for the large-scale deployment and practical application of intelligent sensor equipment, contributing to safer, more efficient, and highly reliable autonomous vehicle operations in real-world environments.